| 摘要: |
| 海洋微生物多样性丰富。我国近年来在海洋微生物多样性调查、资源获取与开发利用等多方面取得重要进展。为促进资源的可持续高效利用，建立了专业的海洋微生物菌种保藏中心，目前库藏海洋微生物菌种2.2万株。本文介绍了目前中国海洋微生物菌种保藏管理中心库藏资源概况与共享利用情况，以共享记录为基础，从已共享菌株的多样性、库藏资源共享利用以及共享用户等方面开展了统计分析。统计结果显示，共享菌株中超过80%为细菌，其次依次为丝状真菌、酵母、古菌及噬菌体。在菌株水平，已共享细菌覆盖了库藏细菌的28%；在种的水平，已共享细菌覆盖了库藏细菌的47%，包括变形菌纲3 178株，芽胞杆菌纲951株，放线菌纲817株。目前，库藏资源总共享比例约为30%，覆盖了库藏57%的属和49%的种。共享用户目前达266家，其中国内用户244家，国外用户22家。为大洋课题、国家973课题、863课题、自然基金、行业公益性项目、科技支撑及企业项目等各种科技计划，提供了重要的菌种资源保障。据不完全统计，共支撑发表SCI论文达500余篇。中国海洋微生物菌种保藏管理中心在菌株资源的收集、整理和共享等方面，为我国的科研事业提供了大量的资源支撑，取得了较好的社会效益。 |
| 关键词: 海洋微生物 菌种资源 共享 中国海洋微生物菌种保藏管理中心 |
| DOI：10.14188/j.ajsh.2019.02.006 |
| 分类号:Q938 |
| 基金项目:国家科技基础条件平台项目NIMR-2018-9;中国大洋专项生物资源计划项目DY135-B2-01国家科技基础条件平台项目（NIMR-2018-9）；中国大洋专项生物资源计划项目（DY135-B2-01） |
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| Advances in collection and sharing of marine microbial resources in China |
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LI Guangyu1,2,SUN Fengqin1,2,YANG Yongpeng1,2,SHAO Zongze1,2
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1.Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China;2.Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
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| Abstract: |
| Marine microbial resources are abundant in diversity. In recent years, China has made important progress in marine microbial diversity survey, resource acquisition and utilization. In order to promote the sustainable and efficient use of the resources, we have established a professional marine culture collection center, which currently maintains 22,000 strains. This paper introduces the general situation and sharing of marine microbial resources in Marine Culture Collection of China. Based on the original records and database, the diversity of the shared strains, the sharing and utilization of the repository resources and the users are analyzed statistically. Statistics showed that more than 80% of the shared strains were bacteria, followed by filamentous fungi, yeast, archaea and phages. At the strain level, the shared bacteria covered 28% of the reservoir bacteria; at the species level, they covered 47% of the reservoir bacteria. The shared bacteria include 3 178 strains of Proteobacteria, 951 strains of Bacilli and 817 strains of Actinomycetes. At present, the gengral utilization of the total resources is about 30%, covering 57% of the total genera and 49% of the total species. There are currently 266 unites of strain users, including 244 domestic and 22 foreign users. It provides an important support of microbial resources for various scientific and technological projects in China such as Ocean Project, National 973 Project, 863 Project, Natural Fund, Industry Public Welfare Project, Scientific and Technological Support and Enterprise Project. According to incomplete statistics, more than 500 SCI papers have been published under the microbial resources supported by Marine Culture Collection of China. Generally, it has provided a large number of resource support to Chinese scientific research. |
| Key words: marine microorganism microbial resource sharing Maine Culture Collection of China |
