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参考文献 1
BérdyJ. Thoughts and facts about antibiotics: where we are now and where we are heading [J]. J Antibiot, 2012, 65(8): 441.
参考文献 2
GenilloudO. Actinomycetes: still a source of novel antibiotics [J]. Nat Prod Rep, 2017, 34(10): 1203-1232.
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ShivlataL, SatyanarayanaT. Thermophilic and alkaliphilic Actinobacteria: biology and potential applications [J]. Front Microbiol, 2015, 6: 1014.
参考文献 4
KurahashiM, FukunagaY, SakiyamaY, et al. Euzebya tangerina gen. nov., sp. nov., a deeply branching marine actinobacterium isolated from the sea cucumber Holothuria edulis, and proposal of Euzebyaceae fam. nov., Euzebyales ord. nov. and Nitriliruptoridae subclassis nov. [J]. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2010, 60(Pt 10): 2314-2319.
参考文献 5
SorokinD Y, van PeltS, TourovaT P, et al. Nitriliruptor alkaliphilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a deep-lineage haloalkaliphilic actinobacterium from soda lakes capable of growth on aliphatic nitriles, and proposal of Nitriliruptoraceae fam. nov. and Nitriliruptorales ord. nov. [J]. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2009, 59(Pt 2): 248-253.
参考文献 6
ZhangY G, WangH F, YangL L, et al. Egibacter rhizosphaerae gen. nov., sp. nov., an obligately halophilic, facultatively alkaliphilic actinobacterium and proposal of Egibaceraceae fam. nov. and Egibacterales ord. nov. [J]. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2016, 66(1): 283-289.
参考文献 7
ZhangY G, ChenJ Y, WangH F, et al. Egicoccus halophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic, alkalitolerant actinobacterium and proposal of Egicoccaceae fam. nov. and Egicoccales ord. nov. [J]. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2016, 66(2): 530-535.
参考文献 8
LiY Q, LiM G, LiW, et al. Griseusin D, a new pyranonaphthoquinone derivative from a alkaphilic Nocardiopsis sp. [J]. J Antibiot, 2007, 60(12): 757-761.
参考文献 9
HeJ, RoemerE, LangeC, et al. Structure, derivatization, and antitumor activity of new griseusins from Nocardiopsis sp. [J]. J Med Chem, 2007, 50(21): 5168-5175.
参考文献 10
DingZ G, LiM G, ZhaoJ Y, et al. Naphthospironone A: an unprecedented and highly functionalized polycyclic metabolite from an alkaline mine waste extremophile [J]. Chemistry, 2010, 16(13): 3902-3905.
参考文献 11
张永光, 李文均, 刘晴, 等. 一种生产安萨菌素P-3及15-羟基衍生物的耐碱拟诺卡氏菌及其制备方法和应用 中国专利申请号:201510187063.7 [P]. 2015.
ZhangY G, LiW J, LiuQ, et al. A method for production and preparation of ansamitocin P-3 and 15-hydroxyansamitocin by Nocardiopsis sp. and its applications Chinese Patent No. 201510187063.7 [P]. 2015.
参考文献 12
姜怡, 段淑蓉, 唐蜀昆, 等. 稀有放线菌分离方法[J]. 微生物学通报, 2006, 33(1): 181-183.
JiangY, DuanS R, TangS K, et al. Isolation methods for rare actinomycetes [J]. Microbiology, 2006, 33(1): 181-183.
参考文献 13
唐蜀昆, 姜怡, 职晓阳, 等. 嗜盐放线菌分离方法[J]. 微生物学通报, 2007, 34(2): 390-392.
TangS K, JiangY, ZhiX Y, et al. Isolation methods for halophilic acitnomycetes [J]. Microbiology, 2007, 34(2): 390-392.
参考文献 14
石功名, 陈向东, 顾觉奋. 土壤中稀有放线菌分离培养方法的研究进展[J]. 国外医药(抗生素分册), 2010, 31(6): 248-252.
ShiG M, ChenX D, GuJ F. The development of studies on the isolation and cultivation of rare actinomycetes in soil [J]. World Notes on Antibiotics, 2010, 31(6): 248-252.
参考文献 15
张永光, 唐蜀昆, 李文均, 等. 嗜碱放线菌生理学特性的初步研究[J]. 微生物学通报, 2004, 31(1): 30-35.
ZhangY G, TangS K, LiWJ, et al. Preliminary studies on physiological characteristics of alkaliphilic actinomycetes [J]. Microbiology, 2004, 31(1): 30-35.
参考文献 16
KushnerD J. Life in high salt and solute concentrations: halophilic bacteria [M]. London: Microbial life in extreme environements,1978: 317-368.
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HorikoshiK, AntranikianG, BullA T, et al. Extremophiles: Alkaliphiles [M]. Germany: Extremophiles Handbook, 2011: 17-251.
参考文献 18
王来福, 宋尚直, 阮继生. 嗜碱放线菌分离方法的研究[J]. 微生物学杂志, 1993, 13(2): 41-43.
WangL F, SongS Z, RuanJ S. Studies on isolation methods for alkaliphilic actinomycetes [J]. Journal of Microbiology, 1993, 13(2): 41-43.
参考文献 19
张永光, 刘晴, 王宏飞, 等. 新疆阜康盐碱地可培养兼性嗜碱放线菌多样性及其酶活筛选[J]. 微生物学报, 2014, 54(2): 183-190.
ZhangY G, LiuQ, WangH F, et al. Biodiversity and enzymes of culturable facultative-alkaliphilic actinobacteria in saline-alkaline soil in Fukang, Xinjiang [J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2014, 54(2): 183-190.
参考文献 20
NeilsonJ W, QuadeJ, OrtizM, et al. Life at the hyperarid margin: novel bacterial diversity in arid soils of the Atacama Desert, Chile [J]. Extremophiles, 2012, 16(3): 553-566.
参考文献 21
OberhardtM A, ZareckiR, GronowS, et al. Harnessing the landscape of microbial culture media to predict new organism-media pairings [J]. Nat Commun, 2015, 6: 8493.
参考文献 22
王保军, 刘双江. 环境微生物培养新技术的研究进展[J]. 微生物学通报, 2013, 40(1): 6-17.
WandB J, LiuS J. Perspectives on the cultivability of environmental microorganisms [J]. Microbiology, 2013, 40(1): 6-17.
目录 contents

    摘要

    嗜碱放线菌是一类嗜好碱性生活环境的特殊资源微生物。近年来,从嗜碱放线菌中发现多个新分类单元和结构新颖、活性独特的天然产物,由此引起人们的极大兴趣。有效的选择性分离方法是收集与挖掘嗜碱放线菌物种资源的关键。本文分析了嗜碱放线菌的生理特点,归纳了嗜碱放线菌的分离方法及存在问题,并探讨了未来的发展趋势。

    Abstract

    Alkaliphilic actinobacteria are a special microbial resource, which mainly thrive in natural and artificial alkaline environments. Recently, some new taxa and novel bioactive metabolites of alkaliphilic actinobacteria reported have attracted much attention of experts in microbiology and natural products. Selective isolation approaches are important for mining this resource. Based on the analysis of the physiological features, this paper sums up the current isolation methods, their drawbacks and new trends for alkaliphilic actinobacteria.

  • 0 引 言

    0

    特殊环境放线菌,如深海、植物内生、高温、高盐或强碱等生境的放线菌资源,因发现新物种和新天然产物的机率较高引起人们极大的兴[1,2]。其中,嗜好碱性的放线菌因在碱湖、碱性沙漠等天然的及人为的高碱环境中广泛分布,被人们称为嗜碱放线菌。近年来,其分类学和天然产物研究进展较[3],如发现1个新纲——腈降解菌纲(Nitriliruptoria)[4],3个新目:腈降解菌目(Nitriliruptorales)[5]、生地所杆菌目(Egibacterales)[6]、生地所球菌目(Egicoccales)[7]等,并发现了griseusin D[8]、griseusins衍生[9]、naphthospironone A[10]、安莎霉素P-3[11]等结构独特、活性新颖的天然产物。嗜碱放线菌已成为放线菌研究的热点之一。

    大量新菌株资源的获得是放线菌资源挖掘的关键。因此,有效的选择性分离方法尤为重要。关于放线菌的分离方法,国内多个学者从样品预处理、选择剂、培养基等角度进行了综[12,13,14]。但到目前为止,依然缺乏有效的嗜碱放线菌分离方法,这与我们对其营养、生理学性质、嗜极机制等背景知之甚少有关。嗜碱放线菌广泛分布的高碱环境异于普通放线菌分布的环境,因此其分离不能简单照搬后者。本文分析了嗜碱放线菌对盐、碱等的偏好特性,总结了现有的分离方法、存在的问题,并对发展趋势进行了探讨,为嗜碱放线菌研究提供理论依据。

  • 1 嗜碱放线菌的生理学性质

    1

    嗜碱放线菌主要分布于天然或人为的高碱环境,但在海洋、花园土壤、昆虫肠道、粪便等生境中也能分离到。影响嗜碱放线菌生长的环境因子较多,基于pH、盐度和温度是影响嗜碱放线菌生长的重要因子,在此仅分析pH、盐和温度的影响。

  • 1.1 pH的影响

    1.1

    嗜碱放线菌顾名思义,“嗜好”碱性pH,因此,将培养基pH调至合适的值或范围对其培养非常关键。有研究发现,调节培养基pH的碱性物质类型对嗜碱放线菌的生长会产生重要的影[15]。30株嗜碱放线菌在用KOH、K2CO3、NaOH、Na2CO3调节pH的培养基上长势差异较大:3株菌在用KOH、K2CO3调节pH 8.0以上的培养基上不生长,但适量添加NaCl可恢复部分生长;测试的链霉菌菌株对CO32-敏感;4种碱性物质调节pH对拟诺卡氏菌株生长无明显影响。Sorokin[5]分离到的嗜碱腈降解菌菌株(Nitriliruptor alkaliphilus) ANL-iso2T生长需要NaHCO3/Na2CO3缓冲体系。尽管天然高碱性的产生与Na2CO3形成有关,嗜碱放线菌对Na+或CO32-呈现不同的偏好。

  • 1.2 盐的影响

    1.2

    嗜碱放线菌的生长对盐具有不同程度的依赖或耐受特性。其嗜耐盐与否可参照Kushner[16]提出的嗜盐放线菌划分方法进行判定。在此,以2009年后发现的腈降解菌纲(Nitriliruptoria)4个[4,5,6,7]为例,分析嗜碱放线菌对pH、盐等的依赖特点。如表1所示,这4个菌株代表着不同的生理类型:嗜盐生地所球菌(Egicoccus halophilus) EGI 80432T为中度嗜盐耐碱菌,根际生地所杆菌(Egibacter rhizosphaerae) EGI 80759T为中度嗜盐兼性嗜碱菌,嗜碱腈降解菌(N. alkaliphilus) ANL-iso2T为弱嗜盐专性嗜碱菌,橘红色尤泽比氏菌(Euzebya tangerina) F10T属弱嗜盐耐碱菌。

    表1 腈降解菌纲菌株的生长特性

    Table 1 Differences between the strains of the class Nitriliruptoria

    菌株pHNaCl (w/v)/%温度/°C参考文献
    范围最适范围最适范围最适

    嗜盐生地所球菌

    (E. halophilus) EGI 80432T

    6~108~93~126~820~4030[7]

    根际生地所杆菌

    (E. rhizosphaerae) EGI 80759T

    7~119~108~2510~1225~5030~35[6]

    嗜碱腈降解菌

    (N. alkaliphilus) ANL⁃iso2T

    8.2~10.69.0~9.50.1~11.61.2~1.7中温32[5]

    橘红色尤泽比氏菌

    (E. tangerina) F10T

    7~97~90.5~12ND20~2825[4]
    表1
                    腈降解菌纲菌株的生长特性
  • 1.3 温度的影响

    1.3

    嗜碱放线菌多为常温生长,部分可耐受高温或低[3]。嗜盐放线菌的分离存在明显的温度效[13],如在28 °C和37 °C下分离到不同的类群。因部分嗜碱放线菌同时嗜盐,因此推测嗜碱放线菌的分离也可能存在温度效应。

  • 2 嗜碱放线菌的分离方法

    2

    “投其所好,取其所抗”是菌株分离的基本原则。根据嗜碱放线菌的生理特点,通过改良成熟的嗜碱菌、普通放线菌等的分离方法,可以进行菌株的分离。

  • 2.1 借鉴嗜碱菌的分离方法

    2.1

    嗜碱放线菌和嗜碱菌的分布生境相似,且均“嗜好”碱性,因此在营养需求和生理特性上具有共性。天然高碱性环境产生的原因是蒸发形成的Na2CO3。基于此,日本学者Horikoshi以Na2CO3为培养基pH调节物质,提出了2个嗜碱菌常用的分离培养基Horikoshi-I和Horikoshi-II[17]。这两个培养基在嗜碱放线菌研究中较为常用。然而,培养基的重复使用会选择性分离营养吸收快、生长快、对CO32-不敏感的菌株,无疑降低了长势弱、个体数少类群的出菌率。

  • 2.2 改良现有放线菌的分离方法

    2.2

    采用碱性物质(Na2CO3或NaOH)或缓冲[18]将普通放线菌培养基pH调至强碱性,进行嗜碱放线菌分离培养。此法相对简单,但通常分离到的菌株单一、重复率高。张永光[19]利用改良的嗜盐放线菌分离培养基CCMS,从10份阜康盐碱地样品中分离到分布于放线菌纲18个属的91株菌,其出菌率和多样性要远高于常规的链霉菌ISP5培养基和淀粉酪素琼脂培养基。这表明,改良的嗜盐放线菌分离培养基也可用于嗜碱放线菌的分离。

  • 2.3 基于检索的菌种信息设计分离方案

    2.3

    在国内外菌种保藏中心数据库中检索系统进化相近菌种的营养需求、生理特点和培养条件等,据此设计感兴趣菌株的分离方案。近来,Oberhardt[20]从国际知名的菌种保藏中心DSMZ提取菌种信息和培养基组成,构建了Known Media Database (KOMODO)数据库http://komodo.modelseed.org/default.htm和一个网络查询平台GROWREC,科研工作者只需输入一个菌株的16S rRNA基因序列便可预测其培养基组成。

    GROWREC查询平台的使用步骤如下:①查询参数的填写。根据目标菌株是否好氧、在含盐培养基上能否生长填写实际情况,最大系统进化距离默认0.04(0.0~1.0),与目标菌株16S rRNA基因序列的最低相似度,默认85%。以智利阿塔卡马沙漠土壤中不可培养的红杆菌克隆序列Rubrobacter sp.w2-33(GenBank数据库登录号JF706677[21]为例,依次选择参数“yes、unknown、0.04、85%”;②16S rRNA基因序列的提交。在右侧方框中粘贴目标菌株的16S rRNA基因序列,点击提交;③推荐培养基的选择。网站根据填写的信息给出7种得分不同的培养基,其中最高得分为6 000,点击其链接可下载培养基PDF版本。在使用该平台时需要注意,推荐的培养基源于对已有菌种的生长条件、培养基等信息的综合分析,有一定的局限性。

    此外,DSMZ中心建立了一个网站https://bacdive.dsmz.de/,读者可以查询超过50 000株细菌和古菌的种名、分类学地位,碳源利用特征、生理学性质,生长和培养条件等信息。基于获得的近缘菌株信息,设计嗜碱放线菌特定类群的分离方案。

  • 3 展 望

    3

    当前,嗜碱放线菌分离方法研究亟待加强。尽管借鉴现有的微生物分离培养方法开展嗜碱放线菌资源的分离和收集也可行,但建立高效选择性强的分离方法才是根本。模拟原始生境条件是选择性分离嗜碱放线菌的原则。但在现有实验室条件下难以模拟其自然生境,开展分离方法研究的途径有:①选择大量具生理代表性嗜碱放线菌菌株开展营养代谢、生理特性、嗜极机制等研究,查明其共性,为分离方法的设计提供理论基础;②借鉴难培养微生物的培养方[22];③采用先进的高通量和组学技术指导纯培养策略设计。高通量测序、宏基因组、宏转录组、蛋白质组等技术规避了纯培养手段,获得的分子生物学信息可预测少数类群潜在的营养代谢特点、生理学性质等,从而为靶菌群的分离培养提供指导。

  • 参考文献

    • 1

      Bérdy J. Thoughts and facts about antibiotics: where we are now and where we are heading [J]. J Antibiot, 2012, 65(8): 441.

    • 2

      Genilloud O. Actinomycetes: still a source of novel antibiotics [J]. Nat Prod Rep, 2017, 34(10): 1203-1232.

    • 3

      Shivlata L, Satyanarayana T. Thermophilic and alkaliphilic Actinobacteria: biology and potential applications [J]. Front Microbiol, 2015, 6: 1014.

    • 4

      Kurahashi M, Fukunaga Y, Sakiyama Y, et al. Euzebya tangerina gen. nov., sp. nov., a deeply branching marine actinobacterium isolated from the sea cucumber Holothuria edulis, and proposal of Euzebyaceae fam. nov., Euzebyales ord. nov. and Nitriliruptoridae subclassis nov. [J]. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2010, 60(Pt 10): 2314-2319.

    • 5

      Sorokin D Y, van Pelt S, Tourova T P, et al. Nitriliruptor alkaliphilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a deep-lineage haloalkaliphilic actinobacterium from soda lakes capable of growth on aliphatic nitriles, and proposal of Nitriliruptoraceae fam. nov. and Nitriliruptorales ord. nov. [J]. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2009, 59(Pt 2): 248-253.

    • 6

      Zhang Y G, Wang H F, Yang L L, et al. Egibacter rhizosphaerae gen. nov., sp. nov., an obligately halophilic, facultatively alkaliphilic actinobacterium and proposal of Egibaceraceae fam. nov. and Egibacterales ord. nov. [J]. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2016, 66(1): 283-289.

    • 7

      Zhang Y G, Chen J Y, Wang H F, et al. Egicoccus halophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic, alkalitolerant actinobacterium and proposal of Egicoccaceae fam. nov. and Egicoccales ord. nov. [J]. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2016, 66(2): 530-535.

    • 8

      Li Y Q, Li M G, Li W, et al. Griseusin D, a new pyranonaphthoquinone derivative from a alkaphilic Nocardiopsis sp. [J]. J Antibiot, 2007, 60(12): 757-761.

    • 9

      He J, Roemer E, Lange C, et al. Structure, derivatization, and antitumor activity of new griseusins from Nocardiopsis sp. [J]. J Med Chem, 2007, 50(21): 5168-5175.

    • 10

      Ding Z G, Li M G, Zhao J Y, et al. Naphthospironone A: an unprecedented and highly functionalized polycyclic metabolite from an alkaline mine waste extremophile [J]. Chemistry, 2010, 16(13): 3902-3905.

    • 11

      Zhang Y G, Li W J, Liu Q, et al. A method for production and preparation of ansamitocin P-3 and 15-hydroxyansamitocin by Nocardiopsis sp. and its applications Chinese Patent No. 201510187063.7 [P]. 2015.

      张永光, 李文均, 刘晴, 等. 一种生产安萨菌素P-3及15-羟基衍生物的耐碱拟诺卡氏菌及其制备方法和应用 中国专利申请号:201510187063.7 [P]. 2015.

    • 12

      Jiang Y, Duan S R, Tang S K, et al. Isolation methods for rare actinomycetes [J]. Microbiology, 2006, 33(1): 181-183.

      姜怡, 段淑蓉, 唐蜀昆, 等. 稀有放线菌分离方法[J]. 微生物学通报, 2006, 33(1): 181-183.

    • 13

      Tang S K, Jiang Y, Zhi X Y, et al. Isolation methods for halophilic acitnomycetes [J]. Microbiology, 2007, 34(2): 390-392.

      唐蜀昆, 姜怡, 职晓阳, 等. 嗜盐放线菌分离方法[J]. 微生物学通报, 2007, 34(2): 390-392.

    • 14

      Shi G M, Chen X D, Gu J F. The development of studies on the isolation and cultivation of rare actinomycetes in soil [J]. World Notes on Antibiotics, 2010, 31(6): 248-252.

      石功名, 陈向东, 顾觉奋. 土壤中稀有放线菌分离培养方法的研究进展[J]. 国外医药(抗生素分册), 2010, 31(6): 248-252.

    • 15

      Zhang Y G, Tang S K, Li WJ, et al. Preliminary studies on physiological characteristics of alkaliphilic actinomycetes [J]. Microbiology, 2004, 31(1): 30-35.

      张永光, 唐蜀昆, 李文均, 等. 嗜碱放线菌生理学特性的初步研究[J]. 微生物学通报, 2004, 31(1): 30-35.

    • 16

      Kushner D J. Life in high salt and solute concentrations: halophilic bacteria [M]. London: Microbial life in extreme environements,1978: 317-368.

    • 17

      Horikoshi K, Antranikian G, Bull A T, et al. Extremophiles: Alkaliphiles [M]. Germany: Extremophiles Handbook, 2011: 17-251.

    • 18

      Wang L F, Song S Z, Ruan J S. Studies on isolation methods for alkaliphilic actinomycetes [J]. Journal of Microbiology, 1993, 13(2): 41-43.

      王来福, 宋尚直, 阮继生. 嗜碱放线菌分离方法的研究[J]. 微生物学杂志, 1993, 13(2): 41-43.

    • 19

      Zhang Y G, Liu Q, Wang H F, et al. Biodiversity and enzymes of culturable facultative-alkaliphilic actinobacteria in saline-alkaline soil in Fukang, Xinjiang [J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2014, 54(2): 183-190.

      张永光, 刘晴, 王宏飞, 等. 新疆阜康盐碱地可培养兼性嗜碱放线菌多样性及其酶活筛选[J]. 微生物学报, 2014, 54(2): 183-190.

    • 20

      Neilson J W, Quade J, Ortiz M, et al. Life at the hyperarid margin: novel bacterial diversity in arid soils of the Atacama Desert, Chile [J]. Extremophiles, 2012, 16(3): 553-566.

    • 21

      Oberhardt M A, Zarecki R, Gronow S, et al. Harnessing the landscape of microbial culture media to predict new organism-media pairings [J]. Nat Commun, 2015, 6: 8493.

    • 22

      Wand B J, Liu S J. Perspectives on the cultivability of environmental microorganisms [J]. Microbiology, 2013, 40(1): 6-17.

      王保军, 刘双江. 环境微生物培养新技术的研究进展[J]. 微生物学通报, 2013, 40(1): 6-17.

张永光

机 构:中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011

Affiliation:Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China

邮 箱:zhangyg@ms.xjb.ac.cn

作者简介:张永光(1976-),男,副研究员,博士,主要从事特殊环境微生物资源及生态学研究。E-mail:zhangyg@ms.xjb.ac.cn

李陈红

机 构:中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011

Affiliation:Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China

付梦媛

机 构:石河子大学 生命科学学院,新疆 石河子 832003

Affiliation:College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China

李文均

机 构:

1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011

3. 中山大学 生命科学学院,广东 广州 510275

Affiliation:

1. Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China

3. School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China

菌株pHNaCl (w/v)/%温度/°C参考文献
范围最适范围最适范围最适

嗜盐生地所球菌

(E. halophilus) EGI 80432T

6~108~93~126~820~4030[7]

根际生地所杆菌

(E. rhizosphaerae) EGI 80759T

7~119~108~2510~1225~5030~35[6]

嗜碱腈降解菌

(N. alkaliphilus) ANL⁃iso2T

8.2~10.69.0~9.50.1~11.61.2~1.7中温32[5]

橘红色尤泽比氏菌

(E. tangerina) F10T

7~97~90.5~12ND20~2825[4]

表1 腈降解菌纲菌株的生长特性

Table 1 Differences between the strains of the class Nitriliruptoria

image /

无注解

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      张永光, 刘晴, 王宏飞, 等. 新疆阜康盐碱地可培养兼性嗜碱放线菌多样性及其酶活筛选[J]. 微生物学报, 2014, 54(2): 183-190.

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      Wand B J, Liu S J. Perspectives on the cultivability of environmental microorganisms [J]. Microbiology, 2013, 40(1): 6-17.

      王保军, 刘双江. 环境微生物培养新技术的研究进展[J]. 微生物学通报, 2013, 40(1): 6-17.