| 摘要: |
| 干旱是限制植物生长发育和作物产量的主要非生物胁迫之一。为适应干旱环境,植物进化出了复杂的响应机制,其中植物激素在感知干旱胁迫信号与协调生长反应中起着关键作用。脱落酸(Abscisic acid, ABA)和赤霉素(Gibberellin, GA)作为关键的内源性调节因子,在植物发育与逆境响应中呈现出典型的拮抗关系。ABA作为经典的逆境激素,其在干旱胁迫中的关键作用已被广泛验证；与此同时,越来越多的研究表明,GA除了在生长发育中发挥重要作用外,在干旱调节中也扮演着重要角色。多种内源及外源信号可通过相反的方式调控ABA和GA的生物合成与分解代谢,进而介导激素水平的动态拮抗。近年来的研究揭示了ABA和GA信号转导组分之间的直接分子联系,为理解其拮抗机制提供了新视角。本文综述了ABA和GA在干旱胁迫中的研究进展,探讨干旱胁迫下两者在代谢调控及信号转导层面的串扰机制,以期为作物抗旱性状遗传改良提供理论依据。 |
| 关键词: 干旱胁迫 脱落酸 赤霉素 串扰机制 |
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| The Antagonistic Mechanisms of Phytohormones ABA and GA in Plant Drought Responses |
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| Abstract: |
| Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting plant growth, development, and crop production. To adapt to drought conditions, plants have evolved complex response mechanisms, among which phytohormones play a pivotal role in perceiving stress signals and coordinating growth responses. Abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GA), as key endogenous regulators, exhibit a typical antagonistic relationship in plant development and stress responses. ABA, widely recognized as a classical stress hormone, has been extensively validated for its critical role in drought stress. Meanwhile, an increasing number of studies have highlighted the important functions of GA in drought regulation. Both endogenous and exogenous signals can regulate the biosynthesis and catabolism of ABA and GA in opposite manners, thereby mediating a dynamic hormonal antagonism. Recent studies have uncovered direct molecular connections between components of the ABA and GA signaling pathways, offering new insights into their antagonistic mechanisms. Here, we summarize the recent advances in understanding the roles of ABA and GA under drought stress, focusing on their crosstalk at the levels of metabolic regulation and signal transduction in plants, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of drought tolerance in crops. |
| Key words: drought stress abscisic acid gibberellins crosstalk mechanism |
